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Meglitinides, which include medications such as repaglinide and nateglinide, are oral hypoglycemic agents used to manage blood sugar levels in type 2 diabetes. They work by stimulating the pancreas to release insulin in response to meals, which can lead to some common side effects.

Hypoglycemia is a primary concern associated with meglitinides, as these drugs increase insulin release. If a patient misses a meal or does not eat enough carbohydrates, the insulin surge can create an imbalance in blood sugar levels, leading to low blood sugar (hypoglycemia).

Headache and dizziness are also reported side effects. Headaches can occur due to fluctuations in blood sugar, while dizziness may result from the rapid change in blood glucose levels or from hypoglycemia itself.

The other side effects listed in the other options do not align with the pharmacological action of meglitinides. Edema, myalgia, increased pain with bending, and numbness or tingling are typically not associated with this class of drugs but may be seen with other medications or conditions.